Assessing the Performance of the South American Land Data Assimilation System Version 2 (SALDAS-2) Energy Balance across Diverse Biomes

Understanding the exchange of energy between surface and atmosphere is important in view climate scenario. However, it becomes a challenging task due to sparse network observations. This study aims improve balance estimates for Amazon, Cerrado, Pampa biomes located South America using radiation precipitation forcing obtained from Clouds Earth’s Radiant Energy System (CERES) CPTEC/MERGE datasets. We employed three models—Noah-MP, Community Land Model (CLSM), Integrated Biosphere Simulator (IBIS)—and conducted modeling experiments, termed Data Assimilation (SALDAS-2). The results showed that SALDAS-2 had smallest errors. Moreover, were better than Global (GLDAS) Cerrado (MBE = −0.16) −0.19). Noah-MP presented improvements compared with CLSM IBIS 100% towers Amazon. tends overestimate latent heat flux underestimate sensible Ensemble outperformed GLDAS terms fluxes. potential should be emphasized provide more accurate balance.