Bacteriological profile and antibiotic resistance patterns in adult cirrhotic patients with spontaneous bacterial peritonitis

Background And Aim: Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis (SBP) is a very common complication occurring in liver cirrhotic patients. Since the last decade, there has been shift of SBP microbial flora from gram negative to positive and multidrug resistant organisms (MDR). The aim study evaluate bacteriological profile Drug resistance patterns pathogens. Methods: A retrospective was done for period 1 year (June 2021-June 2022) tertiary care hospital Kerala. total 32 adult patients, meeting inclusion exclusion criteria were included study. patients grouped into community acquired nosocomial based on timing diagnosis (within 48 hours >48 hours) underwent ascitic fluid paracentesis sample sent culture sensitivity. Data thus obtained studied using Chi Square test analysis IBM-SPSS, p<0.05 taken as significant level. Results: Out cases, Gram bacteria slightly more frequent than (50% vs 21.8%) 9(28.1%) classified multi drug (MDR) bacteria. E. coli predominant (18, 56.2%) which 5(27.7%) found be MDR. Resistance third generation cephalosporins, quinolones, piperacillin tazobactam carbapenems 53%, 62.5%,28.1% 21.8% cases respectively. MDR gram-positive group (45.5%, 36.4%, p = 0.03). Except Third cephalosporins (45.5% vs.57.1%), quinolones (63.6% 61.9%), 19%) (36.4% 14.3%) frequently group. Conclusion: 28.1% population have used empirical antibiotic treatment prophylaxis high. Hence use according local antibiogram should strictly followed.