Beyond Protocols: Understanding the Electrical Behavior of Perovskite Solar Cells by Impedance Spectroscopy

Impedance spectroscopy (IS) is an effective characterization technique used to probe and distinguish charge dynamics occurring at different timescales in optoelectronic electric devices. With the rapid rise of research being conducted on perovskite solar cells (PSCs), IS has significantly contributed understanding their device performance degradation mechanisms, including metastable effects such as current–voltage hysteresis. The ionic–electronic behavior PSCs presence a wide variety compositions cell architectures add complexity accurate interpretation physical processes these In this review, most common protocols are explained help perform impedance measurements PSC It critically reviews commonly equivalent circuits alongside drift-diffusion modeling complementary analyze response PSCs. As emerging method for characterizing interfacial recombination between layer selective contacts, light intensity modulated further discussed. Lastly, important works application measurement summarized followed by detailed discussion, providing critical perspective outlook growing topic