Bioethanol and biodiesel: Bibliometric mapping, policies and future needs

Rising demand for energy resources alongside climate emergency concerns has attracted the urgent attention of researchers towards preparation and utilization biofuels. This review will investigate different generations biofuels more particularly, developmental production processes creating liquid Initially, first-generation biofuel was dependent on edible resources, which caused controversy arguments whether to fulfil “food or fuel requirement” civilization. Second-generation employed inedible however, cost at a commercial scale restricted its expansion. Recently, third fourth-generation use microorganisms genetically modified microorganisms, respectively, produce create an efficient synthetic switch route. Although last two are still in phase, thorough research is required before commercial-scale production. In conclusion, this found that first- second-generation approaches soon be inadequate satisfy exponentially rising Therefore, substantial efforts currently future should focus biofuels, especially engineered microorganisms. Ultimately, structure outline current state art regarding their limitations/challenges. done through critically reviewing most up-to-date literature utilizing bibliometric analysis tools put forward guidelines routes four • Biofuels have significant responsibility meeting global requirements. Fourth need Large-scale entirely achievable meet needs. Thermochemical conversion heavily outweigh physical one biofuel.