Brain stimulation in posttraumatic stress disorder

Brain stimulation in posttraumatic stress disorder

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a complex, heterogeneous disorder that develops following trauma and often includes perceptual, cognitive, affective, physiological, and psychological features. PTSD is characterized by hyperarousal, intrusive thoughts, exaggerated startle response, flashbacks, nightmares, sleep disturbances, emotional numbness, and persistent avoidance of trauma-associat...

Brain stimulation in posttraumatic stress disorder: animal studies

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a severe, complex, heterogeneous disorder usually precipitated by psychological trauma, typically affecting vulnerable individuals, with many perceptual, cognitive, affective, physiological and psychological features [1,2]. According to the most recent edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Psychiatric Disorders (DSM-IV-TR) [1], the essential...

Posttraumatic stress disorder and posttraumatic stress disorder-like symptoms and mild traumatic brain injury.

In this article, we review the literature on posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and PTSD-like symptoms that can occur along with mild traumatic brain injury (TBI) and concussion, with specific reference to concussive injuries in the military. We address four major areas: (1) clinical aspects of TBI and PTSD, including diagnostic criteria, incidence, predictive factors, and course; (2) biologi...

Neuroendocrinological and brain structural alterations in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)

Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in patients with traumatic brain injury

BACKGROUND Severe traumatic stressors such as war, rape, or life-threatening accidents can result in a debilitating psychopathological development conceptualised as Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). Pathological memory formation during an alarm response may set the precondition for PTSD to occur. If true, a lack of memory formation by extended unconsciousness in the course of the traumatic ...