Bubble formation in liquid Sn under different plasma loading conditions leading to droplet ejection
نویسندگان
چکیده
Abstract Liquid metals have been proposed as potential divertor materials for future fusion reactors, and surface stability is a vital requirement such liquid metal divertors (LMDs). Capillary porous structures (CPSs) applied to the design of targets they can avoid MHD instability by tension provide stable surface. However, our previous work has found that Sn surfaces be very unstable in hydrogen plasma even cases without magnetic fields. To increase understanding interaction with plasmas, this we systematically investigated behaviors different exposures linear devices, either Nano-PSI at low flux field, or Magnum-PSI strong field strength. Surface leading droplet ejection observed recorded experiments. The droplets not dependent on fields currents, species temperature. CPS meshes experiments cannot completely but decrease size lower production rate. In H plasma, were once melted fluxes. For case N appearance started temperature marginally higher than tin–nitride decomposition Only high fluxes (?10 23–24 m ?2 s ?1 ) temperatures (900–1000 °C) few Ar He plasma. all cases, velocities most around 1–5 . Bubble formation, growth bursting plasma-species-supersaturated primary mechanism droplets. Plasma-enhanced solubility responsible achievement H/N-supersaturated Sn, while implantation Ar/He-supersaturated Sn. Once concentration reaches certain supersaturation level, nucleation bubbles occur due desorption dissolved from formation directly experiment. sizes estimated range 40–400 ? smaller. A bubble model based Sievert’s Henry’s laws invoked describe
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Nuclear Fusion
سال: 2021
ISSN: ['0029-5515', '1741-4326']
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1088/1741-4326/abf9e0