CHARACTERISTIC PROPERTIES OF GAS INFRARED HEATING ELEMENTS USE

Infrared Thermopile Temperature Measurement Technique in Microwave Heating Systems

Temperature measurement in microwave systems is essential for thermally driven processes, namely, catalytic reactions and ceramic sintering. Although, the application of direct thermometry methods, namely, thermocouples, have been commonly articulated in the available literature, however, contacted temperature measurement mechanisms have aroused concerns associated with the disruption of the el...

Elements in Small Characteristic

Let k be an algebraically closed field of characteristic exponent p ≥ 1. Let G be a connected reductive algebraic group over k and let g be the Lie algebra of G. Note that G acts on G and on g by the adjoint action. Let UG be the variety of unipotent elements of G. Let Ng be the variety of nilpotent elements of g. In [L2], we have proposed a definition of a partition of UG into smooth locally c...

Heating with Gas

Heating Cluster Gas

It is now generally agreed that some process prevents the diffuse gas in galaxy clusters from cooling significantly, although there is less agreement about the nature of this process. I suggest that cluster gas may be heated by a natural extension of the mechanism establishing the MBH − σ and MBH −Mbulge relations in galaxies, namely outflows resulting from super–Eddington accretion on to the g...

Kinetic Modeling of Mass Transfer During Roasting of Soybeans Using Combined Infrared-Hot Air Heating

ABSTRACT: Roasting is one of the widespread methods for processing of nuts and beans that significantly enhances the flavor, color, texture and appearance of the products. In this research the kinetics and modeling of soybean roasting using combined infrared-hot air system and consumption of energy were investigated. The effect of the hot air temperature (160, 180 and 200 ºC), infrared powers (...