CITED2 Restrains Proinflammatory Macrophage Activation and Response

The exonuclease Trex1 restrains macrophage proinflammatory activation.

The three-prime repair exonuclease 1 (TREX1) is the most abundant exonuclease in mammalian cells. Mutations in Trex1 gene are being linked to the development of Aicardi-Goutières syndrome, an inflammatory disease of the brain, and systemic lupus erythematosus. In clinical cases and in a Trex1-deficient murine model, chronic production of type I IFN plays a pathogenic role. In this study, we dem...

NOTCH reprograms mitochondrial metabolism for proinflammatory macrophage activation.

Metabolic reprogramming is implicated in macrophage activation, but the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. Here, we demonstrate that the NOTCH1 pathway dictates activation of M1 phenotypes in isolated mouse hepatic macrophages (HMacs) and in a murine macrophage cell line by coupling transcriptional upregulation of M1 genes with metabolic upregulation of mitochondrial oxidative phospho...

Nrf2 suppresses macrophage inflammatory response by blocking proinflammatory cytokine transcription

Nrf2 (NF-E2-related factor-2) transcription factor regulates oxidative/xenobiotic stress response and also represses inflammation. However, the mechanisms how Nrf2 alleviates inflammation are still unclear. Here, we demonstrate that Nrf2 interferes with lipopolysaccharide-induced transcriptional upregulation of proinflammatory cytokines, including IL-6 and IL-1β. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (...

Effect of titanium surface topography on macrophage activation and secretion of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines.

The macrophage has a major role in normal wound healing and the reparative process around implants. Murine macrophage-like cells RAW 264.7 were used to investigate the effect of titanium surfaces on macrophage activation and secretion of proinflammatory cytokines [interleukin (IL)-1 beta, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha] and chemokines (monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 and macroph...

Live Vaccine Strain Francisella tularensis Proinflammatory Cytokine Response to Attenuates the TLR2-Mediated Macrophage Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase Activation