Cluster randomized trials of cancer screening interventions: Are appropriate statistical methods being used?
نویسندگان
چکیده
منابع مشابه
Randomised controlled trials of group interventions with an individual level comparator: are appropriate statistical methods being used?
Results A total of 738 protocols were published in Trials in 2013/ 2014 and 37 (5%) were included in the review. Group interventions included psychological therapies, lifestyle interventions, parenting programmes and exercise interventions. Sample sizes ranged from 35 to 796, median 112 and all used a 1:1 allocation ratio. Eight trials (22%, 95% CI 9% to 38%) recognised the potential for differ...
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Cancer screening is commonly offered in order to detect tumors at an early, treatable stage. These efforts are highly advocated and widely accepted by the general public. However, there is conflicting evidence about the benefits of screening for breast cancer in pre-menopausal women, prostate cancer in older men, and colorectal cancer for both sexes. This paper examines cancer screening in rela...
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BACKGROUND The evaluation of randomized trials for cancer screening involves special statistical considerations not found in therapeutic trials. Although some of these issues have been discussed previously, we present important recent and new methodologies. METHODS Our emphasis is on simple approaches. RESULTS We make the following recommendations: (1) Use death from cancer as the primary e...
متن کاملStatistical models appropriate for designs often used in group-randomized trials.
Group-randomized trials are characterised by the allocation of identifiable groups rather than individuals to study conditions; members within those groups are then observed to assess the effect of the intervention. It is convenient to categorize the designs employed in group-randomized trials along two dimensions, each with two levels. The first distinguishes between designs having just one or...
متن کاملDeveloping Appropriate Methods for Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of Cluster Randomized Trials
AIM Cost-effectiveness analyses (CEAs) may use data from cluster randomized trials (CRTs), where the unit of randomization is the cluster, not the individual. However, most studies use analytical methods that ignore clustering. This article compares alternative statistical methods for accommodating clustering in CEAs of CRTs. METHODS Our simulation study compared the performance of statistica...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Contemporary Clinical Trials
سال: 2011
ISSN: 1551-7144
DOI: 10.1016/j.cct.2011.03.001