Complex network analysis of fine particulate matter (PM<sub>2.5</sub>): transport and clustering

Abstract. In this paper, complex network theory has been applied to reveal the transport patterns and cooperative regions of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) over China from 2015 2019. The results show that degrees, weighted edge lengths PM2.5 cities follow power law distributions. We find in Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei–Henan–Shandong (BTHHS) region have a strong ability export pollution other cities. By analyzing routes, we mass links extends southward BTHHS Yangtze River Delta (YRD) with 1 or 2 d time lags. Hence, conclude earlier emission reduction early warning measures YRD will provide better air mitigation both regions. Moreover, significant are concentrated wintertime, suggesting impact winter monsoon. addition, all divided into nine clusters according their spatial correlations. suggest same should be regarded as whole control level pollution. This approach is able characterize cluster for pollutants, such ozone NOx.