Consecutive Collapsibility of Odds Ratios over an Ordinal Background Variable

Generalized Odds Ratios for Ordinal Data

FUZZY NEXUS OVER AN ORDINAL

‎‎In this paper‎, ‎we define fuzzy subnexuses over a nexus $N$‎. ‎Define and study the notions of the prime fuzzy subnexuses and the fractions‎‎induced by them‎. ‎Finally‎, ‎we show that if S is a meet‎‎closed subset of the set Fsub(N), ‎of fuzzy subnexuses of a nexus N‎, ‎and‎‎h= ⋀S ϵ S, ‎then the fractions S^-1 N and h^-1 N are isomorphic as meet-semilattices‎.

Estimating and contextualizing the attenuation of odds ratios due to non-collapsibility

The odds ratio is a measure commonly used for expressing the association between an exposure and a binary outcome. A feature of the odds ratio is that its value depends on the choice of the distribution over which the probabilities in the odds ratio are evaluated. In particular, this means that an odds ratio conditional on a covariate may have a different value from an odds ratio marginal on th...

Making sense of odds and odds ratios.

Odds and odds ratios are hard for many clinicians to understand. Odds are the probability of an event occurring divided by the probability of the event not occurring. An odds ratio is the odds of the event in one group, for example, those exposed to a drug, divided by the odds in another group not exposed. Odds ratios always exaggerate the true relative risk to some degree. When the probability...

Instrumental variable estimation of causal risk ratios and causal odds ratios in Mendelian randomization analyses.

In this paper, the authors describe different instrumental variable (IV) estimators of causal risk ratios and odds ratios with particular attention to methods that can handle continuously measured exposures. The authors present this discussion in the context of a Mendelian randomization analysis of the effect of body mass index (BMI; weight (kg)/height (m)(2)) on the risk of asthma at age 7 yea...