Control-Oriented Electrochemical Model and Parameter Estimation for an All-Copper Redox Flow Battery

Redox flow batteries are an emergent technology in the field of energy storage for power grids with high renewable generator penetration. The copper redox battery (CuRFB) could play a significant role future electrochemical systems due to numerous advantages its all-copper chemistry. Furthermore, like more mature vanadium RFB technology, CuRFBs have ability independently scale and capacity while displaying very fast response times that make attractive variety grid-supporting applications. As most batteries, efficient operation CuRFB is dependent on high-quality control both charging discharging process. In RFBs, this typically complicated by highly nonlinear behaviour, particularly at either extreme state charge. Therefore, focus paper development validation first-principle, control-appropriate model electrochemistry includes impact flow, current, fading diffusion subsequent comproportionation. Parameters proposed identified using genetic algorithm, validated along parameters data obtained from single-cell as well simpler cell design. yields good qualitative fits experimental physically plausible concentration estimates appears able quantify long-term health changes coefficient