Digital Twins for Tissue Culture Techniques—Concepts, Expectations, and State of the Art

Techniques to provide in vitro tissue culture have undergone significant changes during the last decades, and current applications involve interactions of cells organoids, three-dimensional cell co-cultures, organ/body-on-chip tools. Efficient computer-aided mathematical model-based methods are required for efficient knowledge-driven characterization, optimization, routine manufacturing systems. As an alternative purely experimental-driven research, usage comprehensive models as a virtual silico representation culture, namely digital twin, can be advantageous. Digital twins include mechanistic biological system form diverse models, which describe interaction between techniques growth, metabolism, quality tissue. In this review, concepts, expectations, state art concepts will highlighted. general, DT’s applied along full process chain product life cycle. Due complexity, focus review especially on design, operation techniques.