Earthquake Characteristics and Structural Properties of the Southern Tyrrhenian Basin from Full Seismic Wave Simulations

Abstract Modelling the response of seismic wavefields to sharp lateral variations in crustal discontinuities is essential for tomography application and path effects correction earthquake source characterization. This particularly relevant when cross back-arc oceanic basins, i.e. mixed continental-oceanic settings. High-frequency (>0.05 Hz) waves resonate get absorbed across these settings due a shallow Moho, heterogeneities, energy leakage. Here, we provide first high-frequency wave-equation model full seismograms propagating through realistic 3D basins. Inversion by parameters trial based on correlation analyses identifies P-, S- coda-wave as attributes able estimate jointly Moho variations, sediment thickness, characteristics using data from single regional earthquake. We use waveforms produced Accumoli (Central Italy, 2016), Southern Tyrrhenian basin recorded Italy. The best comprises deep ( $$\sim$$ ∼ 18 km) middle pinch with continental crust Sicily. corresponds Issel Bridge, portion trapped between Vavilov Marsili volcanic centres. optimally described at depth 7.3 km boxcar rise time 6 s. Our results show that early S-wave coda reverberating phases sensitive interfaces. Forward modelling computationally expensive; however, adding tomographic procedures allows both structural