Editorial: Golgi Dynamics in Physiological and Pathological Conditions

Editorial: Cardiac Remodeling: New Insights in Physiological and Pathological Adaptations

Citrullination under physiological and pathological conditions.

Citrullination, one of the enzymatic posttranslational modifications has become a hot topic of recent research as it is involved in various physiological and pathological processes. Antibodies against citrullinated proteins called anti-citrullinated protein antibodies, are the hallmark (diagnostic and prognostic factors) of rheumatoid arthritis, and are specific for the disease. Citrullination ...

Pathological conditions re-shape physiological Tregs into pathological Tregs

CD4+FOXP3+ regulatory T cells (Tregs) are a subset of CD4 T cells that play an essential role in maintaining peripheral immune tolerance, controlling acute and chronic inflammation, allergy, autoimmune diseases, and anti-cancer immune responses. Over the past 20 years, significant progress has been made since Tregs were first characterized in 1995. Many concepts and principles regarding Tregs g...

Regulation of endosome dynamics by Rab5 and Huntingtin-HAP40 effector complex in physiological versus pathological conditions.

Vesicular transport of signaling molecules, specifically neurotrophins, in neurons is essential for their differentiation, survival, and plasticity. Neurotrophins such as neuron growth factor (NGF) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) are internalized by receptor-mediated endocytosis at synaptic terminals and loaded into endosomes for microtubule-based transport along axons to the cell ...

Physiological and pathological clinical conditions and light scattering in brain

MRI of preterm infants at term commonly reveals subtle brain lesions such as diffuse white matter injury, which are linked with later cognitive impairments. The timing and mechanism of such injury remains unclear. The reduced scattering coefficient of near-infrared light (μs') has been shown to correlate linearly with gestational age in neonates. To identify clinical variables associated with b...