Effects of Organic Amendments on Soil Pore Structure under Waterlogging Stress

Organic amendments are a proven method of reducing soil erosion. However, the effect organic additives on pore properties soils waterlogged by extreme rainfall has been minimally investigated. In this study, we collected data, established field experiment consisting randomized groups, and imaged structure treated with different (9 t ha−1 maize straw [MS], 2.37 cattle manure [OF], mixture 9 MS 1.89 [SOF], 7.4 biochar [BC], 8.1 woody peat [WP], 3 L polyacrylamide [PAM]) in three-dimensions X-ray microtomography digital image analysis, which further quantified effects. The results showed that, compared control, BC increased total porosity 54.28% connected 119.75%, but did not affect shape size distribution. SOF improved connectivity indexes; e.g., their C/I ratios 177.44% 149.62%, coordination numbers 6.75% 15.76%, respectively. had fewer, longer larger, channels throats. Extreme precipitation events were significantly negatively correlated all indicators. This study shows that materials can optimize soil, being most resistant to counteract benefits have structure.