Effects of urban atmospheric particulate matter on higher plants using Lycopersicon esculentum as model species

Abstract Atmospheric particulate matter (PM) is one of the major environmental concerns in Europe. A wide range studies has proved ecotoxic potential atmospheric particles. PM exerts chemical stress on vegetation by its potentially toxic constituents; however, relatively few are available assessing phytotoxic effects under laboratory conditions. In our study, aqueous extract was prepared and used for treatment. Experiment following procedure defined No. 227 OECD Guideline Testing Chemicals: Terrestrial Plant Test. Tomato ( Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) plants were used; elucidated toxicity assessed based morphological biochemical endpoints such as biomass, chlorophyll- a chlorophyll -b , carotenoids, protein content. Biomass reduction content showed clear dose–effect relationship; biomass decreased comparison with control (100%) all test groups (TG) at steady rate (TG1: 87.73%; TG2: 71.77%; TG3: 67.01%; TG4: 63.63%). The tendency concentrations compared to TG1: 113.61%; 148.21% 160.52%; 157.31%. However, pigments ‘Janus-faced’ effect: nutrient sample caused slight increase lower doses; actual became apparent only higher doses (chlorophyll- concentration decrease 84.47% TG4, b 77.17%, finally, carotene 83.60% TG4).