Energy- and flux-budget theory for surface layers in atmospheric convective turbulence

The energy- and flux-budget (EFB) theory developed previously for atmospheric stably stratified turbulence is extended to the surface layer in convective turbulence. This based on budget equations turbulent energies fluxes Boussinesq approximation. In lower part of boundary layer, rate production kinetic energy (TKE) caused by shear much larger than that buoyancy, which results three-dimensional very complex nature. upper TKE due smaller causes unusual strongly anisotropic buoyancy-driven Considering applications obtained boundary-layer turbulence, theoretical relationships potentially useful modeling have been derived. EFB allows us obtain a smooth transition between provides an analytical expression entire including range parts it determine vertical profiles all characteristics, TKE, intensity potential temperature fluctuations, momentum buoyancy (proportional temperature), integral scale, anisotropy, Prandtl number, flux Richardson number.