Environment-friendly nitrogen management practices in wetland paddy cultivation

A large amount of nitrogen (N) fertilizer is required for paddy cultivation, but use efficiency (NUE) in farming low (20–40%). Much the unutilized N potentially degrades quality soil, water, and air disintegrates functions different ecosystems. It a great challenge to increase NUE sustain rice production meet food demand growing population. This review attempted find out promising management practices that might while reducing trade-off between environmental pollution. We collected collated information on associated barriers. set existing crop, strategies can be suggested increasing NUE, which, however, not capable halve waste by 2030 as stated “Colombo Declaration” United Nations Environment Program. Therefore, more efficient tools are yet developed through research extension. Awareness-raising campaign among farmers must against their misunderstanding higher provides yields. The findings help policymakers formulate suitable policies regarding eco-friendly wetland cultivation ensure better utilization costly fertilizer.