Evaluation of macroscopic fundamental diagram characteristics for a quantified penetration rate of autonomous vehicles

Abstract Background The availability of private vehicles with autonomous features is widespread nowadays. Various car manufacturers are providing attributes like collision warning, city automatic emergency braking, adaptive cruise control, pedestrian detection, lane-keeping assistance and lane departure rear cross-traffic blind-spot warning in their high-end models. Purpose Such can automatically manage the macroscopic fundamental traffic parameters such as speed, headway, etc adaptively. Consequently leading to a heterogeneous stream diverse car-following behaviour comprising completely manual/traditional (TVs) (AVs). This questions applicability classic flow theory relationships on streams. Methodology paper focuses developing diagram for streams based quantified penetration rate (QPR) vehicles. devised by taking into account user demographics, land usage road network properties. QPR used an input urban scenarios calculate aggregated dynamics density same network. Travel time versus characteristics evaluated calibrated hyperbolic link travel function both interrupted uninterrupted flows following speed output from MFDs Also, two generated comparison explain improvement together sensitivity analysis. Results Compared base scenario there could be 25-35% AVs networks analysis coming fifteen years. increment impacts capacity positively increasing it up 59%. Conclusions obtained after application suggested model approach real define realistic method multi-vehicle equilibrium assignment models including instead approximating rates.