Evolution of Pneumatic Tsunami Simulators–From Concept to Proven Experimental Technique

This paper describes the evolution through three generations of pneumatic Tsunami Simulators for physical model tests realistic tsunami. The method, originally developed tidal modeling in Fifties, has been modernized to generate extraordinarily long waves a controlled manner, with accurate reproduction recorded free-surface tsunami field data. how simulator designs were and they performed laboratory. Example results are presented from selected research studies that have validated their performance then used quantify effects. Having described each first, second, third generation Simulators, discusses calibrate wave control periods 20–240 s duration (equivalent 2–20 min prototype at 1:50 scale), many which far too “fit into test flume.” composite approach calibration is examples second devices, demonstrated by successful simulation both 2004 Boxing Day, 2011 Great Eastern Japan (Tohoku) scale.