Flow and filtration imaging of single use sterile membrane filters

Filtration artifacts caused by overloading membrane filters.

The conventional practice of using 0.45 or 0.40 microm membranes to distinguish between the particulate and dissolved phases in natural waters neglects the importance of colloids. Many of the colloids in natural waters pass through 0.45 or 0.40 microm membranes, but a significant fraction at the upper end of the colloidal particle size range is retained. Membrane clogging during filtration decr...

Sterile filtration of dialysate: is it really of no use?

In 1972, Raij et al. reported the occurrence of circulating endotoxins in patients with febrile reactions at the end of dialysis sessions and, in parallel, high endotoxin levels in the dialysate w2x. Even nowadays, neither tap water nor purified water or dialysate are sterile. In more than 14 000 analysed water probes of city and village water systems in South-West Germany, 5.6% contained colif...

Optimization of the electrospinning process of polyurethane nanofibers and their filtration performance for use in respiratory protection mask filters

Background and Aim: Electrospun nanofibers can be used to produce filter media in personal protective equipment for the military. The present study aimed to optimize the electrospinning process used to create polyurethane nanofiber substrates and compare the optimum substrate filtration performance with a typical commercial substrate used in the structure of N95 respirators. Methods: In this ex...

Filters and Filtration

investigation of single-user and multi-user detection methods in mc-cdma systems and comparison of their performances

در این پایان نامه به بررسی روش های آشکارسازی در سیستم های mc-cdma می پردازیم. با توجه به ماهیت آشکارسازی در این سیستم ها، تکنیک های آشکارسازی را می توان به دو دسته ی اصلی تقسیم نمود: آشکارسازی سیگنال ارسالی یک کاربر مطلوب بدون در نظر گرفتن اطلاعاتی در مورد سایر کاربران تداخل کننده که از آن ها به عنوان آشکارساز های تک کاربره یاد می شود و همچنین آشکارسازی سیگنال ارسالی همه ی کاربران فعال موجود در...