Forensic database challenged over ethics of DNA holdings
نویسندگان
چکیده
Geneticists say a global Y-chromosome database holds profiles from men who are unlikely to have given free informed consent.
منابع مشابه
Forensic DNA profiling and database.
The incredible power of DNA technology as an identification tool had brought a tremendous change in crimnal justice . DNA data base is an information resource for the forensic DNA typing community with details on commonly used short tandem repeat (STR) DNA markers. This article discusses the essential steps in compilation of COmbined DNA Index System (CODIS) on validated polymerase chain amplif...
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The ethics of forensic professionalism is often couched in terms of competing individual and societal values. Indeed, the welfare of individuals is often secondary to the requirements of society, especially given the public nature of courts of law, forensic hospitals, jails, and prisons. We explore the weaknesses of this dichotomous approach to forensic ethics, offering an analysis of Psycholog...
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When evaluating the weight of evidence (WoE) for an individual to be a contributor to a DNA sample, an allele frequency database is required. The allele frequencies are needed to inform about genotype probabilities for unknown contributors of DNA to the sample. Typically databases are available from several populations, and a common practice is to evaluate the WoE using each available database ...
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Familial Searching is the process of searching in a DNA database for relatives of a certain individual. It is well known that in order to evaluate the genetic evidence in favour of a certain given form of relatedness between two individuals, one needs to calculate the appropriate likelihood ratio, which is in this context called a Kinship Index. Suppose that the database contains, for a given t...
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In this paper we evaluate forensic identi cation hypotheses conditionally to the characteristics observed both on a crime sample and on individuals contained in a database. First we solve the problem via a computational e cient Bayesian Network obtained by transforming some recognized conditional speci c independencies into conditional independencies. Then we propose an Object Oriented Bayesian...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Nature
سال: 2021
ISSN: ['1476-4687', '0028-0836']
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/d41586-021-01584-w