Frequency tunable liquid metal on paper microstrip patch antenna

We report a liquid metal microstrip antenna on printing paper whose resonant frequency was tunable by folding the paper. The gallium-based alloy used as metal, which is instantly oxidized in ambient air. easily wettable surfaces, while it non-wettable laser-printed toner surfaces. An with 3 mm wide and 39 long copper-liquid overlapped-feedline linked to rectangle-shaped patch (40 × 31 2 ) designed. pattern printed using laser printer. A soaked roller rolled paper, resulting where there no toner. of 2.88 GHz −18.5 dB S11. measured characteristics were good agreement simulation results. When folded, changed 2.68 (x-axis folding) or 2.72 (y-axis folding). Liquid fabrication simple but effective for creating custom-designed antennas that are re-designed fabricated field.