From investment optimization to fair benefit distribution in renewable energy community modelling

Energy communities are becoming a key topic in the decarbonization process as they can simultaneously guarantee economic, environmental, and social benefits. In this paper, an integrated method for implementation of linear bottom-up optimization model has been developed order to address these aspects energy community: (i) definition dispatch best technology mix; (ii) assessment role Demand Side Management; (iii) original fair allocate benefit among participants Fairness Index compare different business models. The applied illustrative case study through Italian regulatory framework definitions costs. outcomes highlight how Management community composition impact on overall investment: study, with heterogeneous characterized by 20% flexible load, presents reduction 13% photovoltaic 93% storage system capacity respect without Management. renewable source consumption more homogeneous decreases around 20%–33% bill savings 30%. These results also each participant contribution, which underpins introduced distribution method. Leading thus proper benefit, everyone fairest economic return. Moreover, assess consistency other Business Models distribution.