Gandhi’s Concept of Conscience/Antarātmā Revisited: Exploring His Cardinal Principle in Trilingual Texts
نویسندگان
چکیده
Abstract This article explores the nature and genealogy of Mohandas K. Gandhi’s concept conscience/ antarātmā (inner soul/spirit), cardinal principle his religious politics. Much previous scholarship, solely relying upon English materials, has explained conscience in relation to Western Christian Protestant traditions. By chronologically examining lifelong discourse on expressed Gujarati Hindi writings, this shows that: (1) Gandhi developed a distinct variant hybrid thought that was essentially different from prevalent negative conception “guilty conscience” modern West by integrating ideas ātmā / ātman ; (2) since notion intimately related ascetic bodily discipline ( brahmacarya ), identified essence satyāgraha campaign as ātmabaḷ (the force ) believed taking vow could enhance one’s vital energy vīrya ); (3) reached last years, most controversial phase intellectual evolution, he new understanding an inner voice/ antarno avāj whose “mystical” gūḍh thereby difficult even for him articulate any language.
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: International Journal of Hindu Studies
سال: 2022
ISSN: ['1022-4556', '1574-9282']
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11407-022-09324-z