Genotoxicity: Mechanisms, Testing Guidelines and Methods
نویسندگان
چکیده
منابع مشابه
Appropriate In Vitro Methods for Genotoxicity Testing of Silver Nanoparticles
OBJECTIVES We investigated the genotoxic effects of 40-59 nm silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) by bacterial reverse mutation assay (Ames test), in vitro comet assay and micronucleus (MN) assay. In particular, we directly compared the effect of cytochalasin B (cytoB) and rat liver homogenate (S9 mix) in the formation of MN by Ag-NPs. METHODS Before testing, we confirmed that Ag-NPs were completely...
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Genotoxicity is a major limitation of various compounds used in clinical practices which range from gene mutations, chromosomal aberrations to other DNA effects. For the same reason, it must be assessed before bringing into the market. Moreover, various regulatory agencies have made it mandatory to submit the genotoxicity data while filing a New Drug Application (NDA). This in turn has given fu...
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The registration of all pharmaceuticals requires a comprehensive safety assessment of their potential to cause direct or indirect genotoxic damage. This article reviews current methods employed for regulatory genotoxicity testing and new techniques developed for early high-throughput screening. A novel in vitro mammalian assay is described which detects all common mechanistic classes of genotox...
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The mechanisms of particle-induced genotoxicity have been investigated mainly with asbestos fibers. The results are summarized and discussed in this paper. DNA damage can be produced by oxidoreduction processes generated by fibers. The extent of damage yield depends on experimental conditions: if iron is present, either on fibers or in the medium, damage is increased. However, iron reactivity d...
متن کاملMethods of DNA adduct determination and their application to testing compounds for genotoxicity.
At the International Workshop on Genotoxicity Test Procedures (IWGTP) held in Washington, DC (March 25-26, 1999), a working group considered the uses of DNA adduct determination methods for testing compounds for genotoxicity. When a drug or chemical displays an unusual or inconsistent combination of positive and negative results in in vitro and in vivo genotoxicity assays and/or in carcinogenic...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Global Journal of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences
سال: 2017
ISSN: 2573-2250
DOI: 10.19080/gjpps.2017.01.555575