Hierarchical Model-Predictive Droop Control for Voltage and Frequency Restoration in AC Microgrids

The hierarchical control structure was introduced to allow the integration of power electronics based distributed generation into microgrid in a smart and flexible manner. main aim primary controller such is achieve accurate active reactive sharing whereas secondary aims ensure voltage frequency (V/f) stability. Generally, converter level controllers utilize classical nested loop that suffer from slow dynamic response cumbersome parameters tuning. existing model estimation are fast, but require complex design methodology, high communication bandwidth consequently higher data analysis computational burden. This paper presents simple predictive for AC robust, has low complexity, no parameter tuning requirement layer. proposed optimally restores by predicting their trajectory deviations leveraging droop characteristic curves. Experimental tests performed with three parallel connected grid forming inverters an islanded operation validate can accurately maintain V/f stability, while ensuring sharing.