HIV-1 R5 Macrophage-Tropic Envelope Glycoprotein Trimers Bind CD4 with High Affinity, while the CD4 Binding Site on Non-macrophage-tropic, T-Tropic R5 Envelopes Is Occluded
نویسندگان
چکیده
منابع مشابه
R5 Macrophage-Tropic HIV-1 in the Male Genital Tract.
The entry tropism of HIV-1 Env proteins from virus isolated from the blood and genital tract of five men with compartmentalized lineages was determined. The Env proteins isolated from the genital tract of subject C018 were macrophage-tropic proteins, while the remaining cloned env genes encoded R5 T cell-tropic proteins. The detection of a macrophage-tropic lineage of HIV-1 within the male geni...
متن کاملEfficiency of bridging-sheet recruitment explains HIV-1 R5 envelope glycoprotein sensitivity to soluble CD4 and macrophage tropism.
HIV-1 R5 viruses vary extensively in their capacity to infect macrophages. R5 viruses that confer efficient infection of macrophages are able to exploit low levels of CD4 for infection and predominate in brain tissue, where macrophages are a major target for infection. HIV-1 R5 founder viruses that are transmitted were reported to be non-macrophage-tropic. Here, we investigated the sensitivitie...
متن کاملNon-macrophage-tropic human immunodeficiency virus type 1 R5 envelopes predominate in blood, lymph nodes, and semen: implications for transmission and pathogenesis.
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) R5 isolates that predominantly use CCR5 as a coreceptor are frequently described as macrophage tropic. Here, we compare macrophage tropism conferred by HIV-1 R5 envelopes that were derived directly by PCR from patient tissue. This approach avoids potentially selective culture protocols used in virus isolation. Envelopes were amplified (i) from blood a...
متن کاملWhere are macrophage-tropic viruses?
Results We examined virus in blood and CSF in eight subjects with advanced HIV disease and with neurocognitive involvement. All eight subjects had highly compartmentalized virus in comparing blood and CSF. In half of the subjects, the virus decayed rapidly in blood and CSF when therapy was initiated, and all env genes tested could infect cells only when there were high levels of CD4, both featu...
متن کاملIdentification of a CCR5-Expressing T Cell Subset That Is Resistant to R5-Tropic HIV Infection
Infection with HIV-1 perturbs homeostasis of human T cell subsets, leading to accelerated immunologic deterioration. While studying changes in CD4(+) memory and naïve T cells during HIV-1 infection, we found that a subset of CD4(+) effector memory T cells that are CCR7(-)CD45RO(-)CD45RA(+) (referred to as TEMRA cells), was significantly increased in some HIV-infected individuals. This T cell su...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Journal of Virology
سال: 2018
ISSN: 0022-538X,1098-5514
DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00841-17