Hydrogen as a Clean and Sustainable Energy Vector for Global Transition from Fossil-Based to Zero-Carbon

Hydrogen is recognized as a promising and attractive energy carrier to decarbonize the sectors responsible for global warming, such electricity production, industry, transportation. However, although hydrogen releases only water result of its reaction with oxygen through fuel cell, production pathway currently challenging issue since produced mainly from thermochemical processes (natural gas reforming, coal gasification). On other hand, electrolysis has attracted lot attention means reduce greenhouse emissions by using low-carbon sources renewable (solar, wind, hydro) nuclear energy. In this context, providing an environmentally-friendly instead currently-used fuels (unleaded petrol, gasoline, kerosene), can be used in various applications transportation (aircraft, boat, vehicle, train), storage, medicine, power-to-gas. This article aims provide overview main (including present future) while examining funding barriers building prosperous future nation addressing all critical challenges met sectors.