<i>Dillenia indica</i> bark extract mediated bio-fabrication of copper nanoparticles: characterisation, antioxidant and anticancer activity <i>in vitro</i>

Dillenia indica is a medicinal plant used in the indigenous system of medicine for plethora diseases. In this study, efficacy ethanolic bark extract was investigated green synthesis copper nanoparticles (CuNPs). Obtained CuNPs were crystalline, spherical shape within size range 20.87–45.73 nm, well dispersed showing strong negative zeta potential value (−41.8 mV) as analysed by XRD, TEM, FESEM and particle analyser. The elemental composition examined through EDX spectrum followed field map analysis. FTIR spectra showed presence active biomolecules responsible reduction ions surface functionalisation CuNPs. Synthesised marked free radical scavenging at IC50 37.2 µg/mL. MTT assay treated A549 MCF-7 cancer cell lines 24 48 h substantial decrease viability with increase concentration. Further, morphological alterations like shrinkage, nuclear fragmentation blebbing remarkably observed both assayed AO/EtBr DAPI staining methods. Thus, D. extract-mediated scavengers effective cytotoxic against lines.