Incipient articles in Old East Scandinavian varieties

Adaptive loss of an old duplicated gene during incipient speciation.

To probe the role of natural selection in species origin, we performed a DNA polymorphism survey of the Drosophila melanogaster desaturase2 (ds2) locus. ds2 is responsible for a cuticular hydrocarbon difference between two behaviorally isolated races--Zimbabwe (Z) and Cosmopolitan (M). The ds2 allele prevalent in the Z populations is functional, while the allele from the M populations harbors a...

Incipient speciation of Catostylus mosaicus (Scyphozoa, Rhizostomeae, Catostylidae), comparative phylogeography and biogeography in south-east Australia

Aim Phylogeography provides a framework to explain and integrate patterns of marine biodiversity at infraand supra-specific levels. As originally expounded, the phylogeographic hypotheses are generalities that have limited discriminatory power; the goal of this study is to generate and test specific instances of the hypotheses, thereby better elucidating both local patterns of evolution and the...

Incipient ecological speciation between successional varieties of a dominant tree involves intrinsic postzygotic isolating barriers

Whereas disruptive selection imposed by heterogeneous environments can lead to the evolution of extrinsic isolating barriers between diverging populations, the evolution of intrinsic postzygotic barriers through divergent selection is less certain. Long-lived species such as trees may be especially slow to evolve intrinsic isolating barriers. We examined postpollination reproductive isolating b...

Do 11-month-old French infants process articles?

The first part of this study examined (Parisian) French-learning 11-month-old infants' recognition of the six definite and indefinite French articles: le, la, les, un, une, and des. The six articles were compared with pseudoarticles in the context of disyllabic or monosyllabic nouns, using the Head-turn Preference Procedure. The pseudo articles were similar to real articles in terms of phonetic...

Double definiteness in Scandinavian