Influence of Radioactive Sludge Content on Vitrification of High-Level Liquid Waste

The radioactive sludges formed at the bottom of high-level liquid waste (HLW) storage tanks pose challenges when HLWs are vitrified. This study aims to determine influence sludge content (enriched in Na2O, Al2O3, NiO, Fe2O3, and BaSO4) on structure properties glasses order find optimal ratio HLW during vitrification. In experiments, simulated were mixed different ratios from 0:8 4:4, with an overall 16 wt %, a borosilicate glass wasteform. It is found that density, molar volume, sulfur retention, transition temperature changed little increasing glasses, while viscosity, chemical durability, crystallization features varied notably. crystals thermal treatment exclusively Fe-substituted diopside (Ca, Mg, Fe)2Si2O6. An increase Al2O3 NiO may have been responsible for increased crystallinity high temperatures. leaching rate Si, B, Na, Cs declined addition glasses. Although all fulfilled requirements vitrification processing glass-product performance, it recommended whole should not exceed 25 %. guides further research immobilization sludges.