Internet of Things Energy Efficient Cluster-Based Routing Using Hybrid Particle Swarm Optimization for Wireless Sensor Network

Specialized transducers in wireless sensor networks that offer sensing services to the internet of things devices have limited storage and energy resources. One most vital issues WSN design is power usage, as it nearly impossible recharge or replace nodes’ batteries. A prominent role conserving for energy-constrained served by clustering algorithm. It possible reduce network usage lifespan prolongation proper balancing load with Cluster Head (CH) election. The single-hop inter-cluster routing technique, which there a direct transfer from CHs base station, done low adaptive hierarchy. However, large-regions, this technique not viable. An optimized Orphan-LEACH (O-LEACH) has been proposed work facilitate formation novel process clustering, can result minimized well enhanced longevity. Sufficient possessed orphan node, will attempt cover network. work’s primary contribution O-LEACH protocol supplies entire network’s coverage least number orphaned nodes extremely high connectivity rates. hybrid optimization utilizing simulated annealing Lightning Search Algorithm (LSA) (SA-LSA), particle swarm LSA (PSO-LSA) proposed. These techniques effectively manage CH election achieving optimal path minimization resulting WSN. technique’s superior performance, when compared other techniques, confirmed outcomes experimentations.