Is vaping better than smoking cigarettes?

E-cigarettes, vaping, and youth.

Health professionals in Flanders perceive the potential health risks of vaping as lower than those of smoking but do not recommend using e-cigarettes to their smoking patients

BACKGROUND Many misperceptions of both risks and opportunities of e-cigarettes (e-cigs) exist among the general population and among physicians, although e-cigs could be a valuable harm reduction tool for current smokers. METHODS Two groups in Flanders, namely general practitioners (GPs; family doctors) and tobacco counselors filled out an online questionnaire with regard to their attitudes a...

Total Knee Replacement Sizing: Shoe Size Is a Better Predictor for Implant Size than Body Height

Background: Various sizes of implants need to be available during surgery. The purpose of this paper is to comparebody height and shoe size with implant sizes in patients who underwent total knee replacement surgery to see whichbiomarker is a better predictor for preoperative planning to determine implant size.Methods: A total of 100 knees, belonging to 50 females and 50 males, were observed. P...

Is Smoking Shisha Safer than Cigarettes: Comparison of Health Effects of Shisha and Cigarette Smoking among Young Adults in Kuwait

OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to compare the health effects of shisha smoking with cigarette smoking among male college students in Kuwait. SUBJECTS AND METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted on 525 male students in Kuwait from September to October 2013. A pretested questionnaire was used for information on demographics and health complaints. Peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) w...

Is ACCTRAN better than DELTRAN?

When parsimony ancestral character reconstruction is ambiguous, it is often resolved in favour of the more complex character state. Hence, secondary loss (secondary ‘‘absence’’) of a complex feature is favoured over parallel gains of that feature as this preserves the stronger hypothesis of homology. We believe that such asymmetry in character state complexity is important information for under...