Linking acoustic diversity to compositional and configurational heterogeneity in mosaic landscapes

There is a long-standing quest in landscape ecology for holistic biodiversity metrics accounting multi-taxa diversity heterogeneous habitat mosaics. Passive acoustic monitoring of may provide integrative indices allowing to investigate how soundscapes are shaped by compositional and configurational heterogeneity mosaic landscapes. We tested the effects dominant on across large range landscapes from two long-term socio-ecological research areas Occitanie, France Arizona, USA. assessed automated recording 44 distributed along gradients heterogeneity. analyzed responses six composite multiacoustic index type multi-scale three time periods: 24 h-diel cycles, dawns nights. Landscape mosaics dominated permanent grasslands Occitanie woodlands Arizona produced highest values diversity. Moreover, several including H, ADI, NDSI, NP consistently responded edge density both study regions, but with contrasting patterns, increasing decreasing Arizona. configuration was key driver diel nocturnal soundscapes, while dawn depended more composition. Acoustic correlated than explained interplay between biogeography land use history. suggest that multiple needed properly account complex large-scale