Liquid biopsy-based identification of prognostic and immunotherapeutically relevant gene signatures in lower grade glioma

Abstract Background Recent studies have shown that immunotherapies, including peptide vaccines, remain promising strategies for patients with lower grade glioma (LGG); however new biomarkers need to be developed identify who may benefit from therapy. We aimed investigate the feasibility of liquid biopsy-based gene signatures in predicting prognosis LGG patients, as well benefits immunotherapy. Methods evaluated association between circulating immune cells and treatment response by analyzing peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) samples receiving vaccine immunotherapy, identified response-related genes (RRGs), constructed RRG-related Response Score. In addition, RiskScore was tumor based on RRGs; analysis characteristics TME patient were performed two datasets. The predictive power immunotherapy analyzed an anti-PD-1 cohort. Results This study demonstrated importance cells, monocytes, immunotherapeutic LGG. Overall, 43 significant RRGs identified, three clusters different PBMC RRGs. Score could produced a complete predict prognosis. Additionally, subtypes tumors RRGs, subtype 2 being “hot” phenotype suitable checkpoint significantly positively correlated level infiltration. Patients high had worse more likely respond therapeutic advantage clinical confirmed Conclusion potential biopsy individualized selection determined Scoring systems can work would help increase our understanding significance effectively guide strategies.