Maltose-Based Fluorinated Surfactants for Membrane-Protein Extraction and Stabilization

Two new surfactants, F5OM and F5DM, were designed as partially fluorinated analogues of n-dodecyl-β-D-maltoside (DDM). The micellization properties the morphologies aggregates formed by two surfactants in water phosphate buffer evaluated NMR spectroscopy, surface tension measurement, isothermal titration calorimetry, dynamic light scattering, small-angle X-ray analytical ultracentrifugation. As expected, critical micellar concentration (cmc) was found to decrease with chain length tail from 2.1–2.5 mM for 0.3–0.5 mainly entropy-driven at 25 °C. Close their respective cmc, micelle sizes similar both that is, 7 13 nm respectively, increased forming 4 diameter rods maximum dimensions 50 70 nm, a surfactant ∼30 mM. readily solubilize lipid vesicles extract membrane proteins directly Escherichia coli membranes. They more efficient than commercial detergent F6H2OM over broad range concentrations (1–10 mM) even better DDM low (1–5 mM). When transferred into thermal stability bacteriorhodopsin (bR) FhuA higher presence solubilization detergents DDM; furthermore, bR stable several months. enzymes SpNOX BmrA not active micelles but similarly F6OM. Together, these findings indicate extracting stabilizing maltose-based making them promising tools MP applications.