Mega-events and sociology. Definitions, controversies, and methodological-theoretical problems
نویسندگان
چکیده
VĂ˝chodiska: V souÄasnĂŠ dobÄ jsme svÄdky stĂĄle sĂlĂcĂho zĂĄjmu o sport z pohledu nejrĹŻznÄjĹĄĂ vÄdeckĂ˝ch disciplĂn. Tento pĹĂspÄvek se vÄnuje fenomĂŠnu mega-eventĹŻ sociologie. Jde rozsĂĄhlĂŠ nejen sportovnĂ udĂĄlosti, kterĂŠ majĂ ĹĄirokĂŠ, celospoleÄenskĂŠ dopady. TermĂn "mega-event" byl sociologicky poprvĂŠ pouĹžit teprve v roce 1987 na konferenci, kterĂĄ konala kanadskĂŠm Calgary. TĂŠma je dnes i pĹes svou novost sociologickĂŠ literatuĹe zpracovĂĄno pomÄrnÄ bohatÄ. CĂle: CĂlem tĂŠto pĹehledovĂŠ studie sociologie pĹedstavit tĂŠma s dĹŻrazem kontroverze, k mega-eventĹŻm pojĂ, a poukĂĄzat nÄkterĂĄ teoreticko-metodologickĂĄ ĂşskalĂ. Metodika: JednĂĄ pĹehledovou teoretickou studii. VĂ˝bÄr textĹŻ rozhodnÄ nenĂ vyÄerpĂĄvajĂcĂ, pĹesto ale poskytuje zĂĄkladnĂ pĹehled tĂŠmatu. VĂ˝sledky: sociologii sportu zevrubnÄ. panuje shoda definiÄnĂch znacĂch mega-eventĹŻ. spoleÄenskĂŠ akce mezinĂĄrodnĂm dosahem, signifikantnĂm dopadem hostitelskĂĄ mÄsta, regiony Äi stĂĄty znaÄnou mediĂĄlnĂ pozornostĂ. Tyto eventy rovnÄĹž pĹedstavujĂ diskontinuitu, jsou jedineÄnĂŠ konajĂ jednou za urÄitĂ˝ Äas. Mega-eventy chĂĄpĂĄny jako jeden projevĹŻ modernity. ZĂĄroveĹ mohou poskytovat pocity jistoty ĹĂĄdu vytvĂĄĹet rĹŻznĂŠ formy kolektivnĂch identit. Sociologie pozornost kontroverzĂm kolem organizace zejmĂŠna finanÄnĂ kreativnĂ destrukci politizaci. ZĂĄvÄry: I kdyĹž zevrubnÄ, analĂ˝zy vyplynuly dva metodologicko-teoretickĂŠ problĂŠmy. prvĂŠ ĹadÄ nepanuje tom, jak jestli mega-eventy kategorizovat napĹĂklad podle rozsahu, dosahu nĂĄroÄnosti. NastĂnil jsem nÄkolik pokusĹŻ kategorizaci velkĂ˝ch sportovnĂch eventĹŻ, ŞådnĂĄ nebyla po mĂŠm soudu dostaÄujĂcĂ. Tato narazila druhĂŠ ĂşskalĂ, sice Ĺže pĹedevĹĄĂm olympijskĂ˝m hrĂĄm mistrovstvĂm svÄta ve fotbale. OstatnĂm "menĹĄĂm" sportovnĂm eventĹŻm, sledujĂ miliony divĂĄkĹŻ celĂŠm svÄtÄ (napĹĂklad mistrovstvĂ mĂŠnÄ populĂĄrnĂch sportech), vÄnovĂĄna dostateÄnĂĄ pozornost.
منابع مشابه
Metabolic syndrome: definitions and controversies
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a complex disorder defined by a cluster of interconnected factors that increase the risk of cardiovascular atherosclerotic diseases and diabetes mellitus type 2. Currently, several different definitions of MetS exist, causing substantial confusion as to whether they identify the same individuals or represent a surrogate of risk factors. Recently, a number of other f...
متن کاملthe study of practical and theoretical foundation of credit risk and its coverage
پس از بررسی هر کدام از فاکتورهای نوع صنعت, نوع ضمانت نامه, نرخ بهره , نرخ تورم, ریسک اعتباری کشورها, کارمزد, ریکاوری, gdp, پوشش و وثیقه بر ریسک اعتباری صندوق ضمانت صادرات ایران مشخص گردید که همه فاکتورها به استثنای ریسک اعتباری کشورها و کارمزد بقیه فاکتورها رابطه معناداری با ریسک اعتباری دارند در ضمن نرخ بهره , نرخ تورم, ریکاوری, و نوع صنعت و ریسک کشورها اثر عکس روی ریسک اعتباری داردو پوشش, وثی...
15 صفحه اولMethodological and Didactical Controversies around Statistical Inference
The incorrect interpretations and researchers' excessive confidence in statistical inference have lead to intensive criticism by different professional organisations that have had scarce impact on the didactical practices at University level. In this paper we analyse this situation and conclude with some reflections about the teaching of statistical inference to undergraduates.
متن کاملTheoretical and methodological reflections
As preceding chapters have highlighted, many examples exist of the varying ways in which Participatory Action Researchers work closely with groups to identify needs, plan action research projects, consult and then strive collectively to ‘action’ their findings. The three of us are all involved to varying degrees in such participatory activities, we would define ourselves not as just as action r...
متن کاملApproaching paradox: Loving and hating mega-events
This paper examines the role of paradoxes in research and proposes strategies of engaging with them. For this purpose, it analyses the ways in which six paradoxes are constitutive of sports mega-events such as the Olympic Games: the universalism paradox, the compliance paradox, the winner’s paradox, the participation paradox, the uniqueness paradox and the passion paradox. It then develops thre...
متن کاملذخیره در منابع من
با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید
ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: T?lesná kultura
سال: 2021
ISSN: ['1803-8360', '1211-6521']
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5507/tk.2021.006