Metacognitive processing in language learning tasks is affected by bilingualism.

Crowdsourcing Annotation for Machine Learning in Natural Language Processing Tasks

Human annotators are critical for creating the necessary datasets to train statistical learners, but annotation cost and limited access to qualified annotators forms a data bottleneck. In recent years, researchers have investigated overcoming this obstacle using crowdsourcing, which is the delegation of a particular task to a large group of untrained individuals rather than a select trained few...

Cognitive Benefits of Bilingualism/Second Language Learning

Comparative Study of Degree of Bilingualism in Lexical Retrieval and Language Learning Strategies

This study compares lexical retrieval amongst monolinguals and intermediate bilinguals and advanced bilinguals. It also investigates the possible effects of their language learning strategies on their respective lexical retrieval advantage. The study used a mixed methods design and the groups consisted of 20 Persian near-monolinguals, 20 Persian-English intermediate level bilinguals, and 20 Per...

Learning Representations for Weakly Supervised Natural Language Processing Tasks

Finding the right representations for words is critical for building accurate NLP systems when domain-specific labeled data for the task is scarce. This article investigates novel techniques for extracting features from n-gram models, Hidden Markov Models, and other statistical language models, including a novel Partial Lattice Markov Random Field model. Experiments on partof-speech tagging and...

Evaluation of Machine Learning Methods for Natural Language Processing Tasks

We show that the methodology currently in use for comparing symbolic supervised learning methods applied to human language technology tasks is unreliable. We show that the interaction between algorithm parameter settings and feature selection within a single algorithm often accounts for a higher variation in results than differences between different algorithms or information sources. We illust...