Modern isolation and separation techniques for extracellular vesicles

• Modern techniques for extracellular vesicle isolation and separation are reviewed. Emphasis is given to modern size-, charged-, affinity-based approaches. A trend toward the combination of multiple EV isolation. Studies subpopulations require combinations techniques. Automated on-line technique allows quick reliable subpopulation studies. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) heterogenous membrane-bound released from various origins. EVs play a crucial role in cellular communication mediate several physiological pathological processes, highlighting their potential therapeutic diagnostic applications. Due rapid increase interests needs elucidate properties functions, numerous approaches have been developed overcome limitations conventional techniques, such as ultracentrifugation. This review focuses on recently emerging including charge-, while excluding ultracentrifugation precipitation-based due limitations. The advantages drawbacks each discussed together with insights into Emerging all share similar features terms being time-effective, easy-to-operate, capable providing suitable desirable purity integrity applications interest. Combination hyphenation used yield best quality. most recent development using an automated system selective trapping unit asymmetrical flow field-flow fractionation human plasma.