Nitric oxide and peptide neurohormones activate cGMP synthesis in the crab stomatogastric nervous system

Nitric oxide and peptide neurohormones activate cGMP synthesis in the crab stomatogastric nervous system.

In the neural circuits that comprise the crustacean stomatogastric nervous system (STNS), synaptically delivered neurotransmitters and circulating neurohormones elicit a wide range of rhythmic motor outputs. However, functional roles for second messengers in this system are poorly understood. Here we demonstrate two different signaling pathways that control the synthesis of 3',5'-cGMP in the cr...

Nitric oxide in the nervous system.

Nitric oxide (NO) has only recently been appreciated as a normal biologic substance with a role in signal transduction. It was first identified as endothelial-derived relaxing factor in blood vessels and as the mediator of the tumoricidal and bactericidal actions of macrophages. NO's role as a neural messenger may be even more prominent. Biosynthesis of NO involves oxidation of the guanidine gr...

Nitric oxide in the peripheral nervous system.

Nitric oxide (NO) is a neurotransmitter and neuromodulator in the central nervous system, but this small labile substance also seems to serve as a peripheral neurotransmitter. Abundant evidence is now available that NO, synthesized from L-arginine by NO synthase (NOS), is a nonadrenergic noncholinergic relaxant transmitter of gastrointestinal smooth muscle. Electrically induced nonadrenergic no...

Nitric oxide-mediated cGMP signal transduction in the central nervous system

[cGMP synthesis induced by atrial natriuretic peptide, C-type natriuretic peptide, and nitric oxide in the rat retina].

This study was undertaken to determine whether atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP)-, C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP)-, and nitric oxide (NO)-cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) pathways exist in the rat retina. Exposure of the retina to ANP (10(-7)M), CNP (10(-7)M), S-nitroso-N-acetylpenicillamine (10(-5)M, SNAP; a NO doner), A23187 (10(-5)M; a Ca2+ionophore), and carbachol (10(-5)M) caused 1.4...