Noble‐Metal‐Free Oxygen Evolution Reaction Electrocatalysts Working at High Current Densities over 1000 <scp>mA</scp> cm⁻²: From Fundamental Understanding to Design Principles

Alkaline water electrolysis provides a promising route for “green hydrogen” generation, where anodic oxygen evolution reaction (OER) plays crucial role in coupling with cathodic hydrogen reaction. To date, the development of highly active and durable OER catalysts based on earth-abundant elements has drawn wide attention; nevertheless, their performance under high current densities (HCDs ≥1000 mA cm−2) been less emphasized. This situation seriously impeded large-scale industrialization. In this review, order to provide guideline designing high-performance electrocatalysts, effects HCD catalytic involving electron transfer, mass physical/chemical stability are summarized. Furthermore, design principles were pointed out obtaining efficient robust electrocatalysts light recent progress working above 1000 cm−2. These include aspects developing self-supported electrodes, enhancing intrinsic activity, catalyst–support interaction, engineering surface wettability, introducing protective layer. Finally, summaries outlooks achieving at industrially relevant HCDs proposed.