Normalization of IZF with Replacement

Normalization of IZF with Replacement

IZF is a well investigated impredicative constructive version of Zermelo-Fraenkel set theory. Using set terms, we axiomatize IZF with Replacement, which we call IZFR, along with its intensional counterpart IZF − R. We define a typed lambda calculus λZ corresponding to proofs in IZF−R according to the Curry-Howard isomorphism principle. Using realizability for IZF−R, we show weak normalization o...

Forcing for IZF in Sheaf Toposes

In [Sco] D. Scott has shown how the interpretation of intuitionistic set theory IZF in presheaf toposes can be reformulated in a more concrete fashion à la forcing as known to set theorists. In this note we show how this can be adapted to the more general case of Grothendieck toposes dealt with abstractly in [Fou, Hay].

Normalization of Testosterone Levels After Testosterone Replacement Therapy Is Associated With Decreased Incidence of Atrial Fibrillation

BACKGROUND Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common cardiac dysrhythmia associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Several small studies have reported that low serum total testosterone (TT) levels were associated with a higher incidence of AF. In contrast, it is also reported that anabolic steroid use is associated with an increase in the risk of AF. To date, no study has explored ...

Sociological Study of the Determinants of Normalization of Research Misbehavior

Nowadays, promoting academic loyalty and ethics and coping with research misbehavior, including plagiarism, forgery and misrepresentation have become an important part of the university mission, since the normalization of research misconduct undermines the integrity and loyalty of science, the link between science, society, industry, and damages the reputation of scientific institutions. Accord...

cDNA Microarray Data Normalization