Out-of-plane uniaxial loading of paperboard: experimental procedure and evaluation

Abstract Development of three-dimensional continuum models for paperboard is an active field and the need reliable measurements to calibrate validate such evident. An experimental device protocol cyclic out-of-plane loading developed. This sequence present during converting operations paperboard. The tests reveals that commonly observed soft initial non-linear response compression a structural effect stems from surface roughness rather than being inherent material behavior. A gluing procedure, used perform loading, mitigating roughness. Several novel experiments are performed, alternating between tension which indicates fiber bonds not recovered in after they have been broken through delamination. Measurements also show transition continuous, hence use switch function number constitutive deemed questionable.