Outflanking immunodominance to target subdominant broadly neutralizing epitopes

Identification of Novel Subdominant Epitopes

In vitro assay for neutralizing antibody to hepatitis C virus: evidence for broadly conserved neutralization epitopes.

Our understanding of the humoral immune response to hepatitis C virus (HCV) is limited because the virus can be studied only in humans and chimpanzees and because previously described neutralization assays have not been robust or simple to perform. Nevertheless, epidemiologic and laboratory studies suggested that neutralizing Ab to HCV might be important in preventing infection. We have recentl...

Broadly neutralizing antibodies targeted to mucin-type carbohydrate epitopes of human immunodeficiency virus.

The cancer-related mucin-type carbohydrate neoantigen Tn was found on gp160 and gp120 of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Immunoglobulin G (IgG) and IgM monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) against Tn neutralized infection with cell-free virus and blocked fusion between HIV-infected and uninfected cells. This inhibition was found in infection of both lymphocytic cells and monocytoid cells. Viruses t...

SnapShot: Broadly Neutralizing Antibodies

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Broadly neutralizing antibodies to prevent HIV-1.

A dvances in technology—especially single-cell antibody cloning techniques—have led to the isolation and characterization of antibodies from people with HIV infection that can neutralize many variants (1). These are referred to as broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs). Such antibodies can be detected in about 25% of persons with untreated HIV-1 infection (2), reflecting a host immune response...