Passive sampling methods for contaminated sediments: State of the science for metals
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چکیده
منابع مشابه
Passive sampling methods for contaminated sediments: State of the science for metals
"Dissolved" concentrations of contaminants in sediment porewater (Cfree ) provide a more relevant exposure metric for risk assessment than do total concentrations. Passive sampling methods (PSMs) for estimating Cfree offer the potential for cost-efficient and accurate in situ characterization of Cfree for inorganic sediment contaminants. In contrast to the PSMs validated and applied for organic...
متن کاملPassive sampling methods for contaminated sediments: State of the science for organic contaminants
This manuscript surveys the literature on passive sampler methods (PSMs) used in contaminated sediments to assess the chemical activity of organic contaminants. The chemical activity in turn dictates the reactivity and bioavailability of contaminants in sediment. Approaches to measure specific binding of compounds to sediment components, for example, amorphous carbon or specific types of reduce...
متن کاملPassive sampling methods for contaminated sediments: Risk assessment and management
This paper details how activity-based passive sampling methods (PSMs), which provide information on bioavailability in terms of freely dissolved contaminant concentrations (Cfree ), can be used to better inform risk management decision making at multiple points in the process of assessing and managing contaminated sediment sites. PSMs can increase certainty in site investigation and management,...
متن کاملPassive sampling methods for contaminated sediments: Practical guidance for selection, calibration, and implementation
This article provides practical guidance on the use of passive sampling methods (PSMs) that target the freely dissolved concentration (Cfree ) for improved exposure assessment of hydrophobic organic chemicals in sediments. Primary considerations for selecting a PSM for a specific application include clear delineation of measurement goals for Cfree , whether laboratory-based "ex situ" and/or fie...
متن کاملPassive sampling methods for contaminated sediments: Scientific rationale supporting use of freely dissolved concentrations
Passive sampling methods (PSMs) allow the quantification of the freely dissolved concentration (Cfree ) of an organic contaminant even in complex matrices such as sediments. Cfree is directly related to a contaminant's chemical activity, which drives spontaneous processes including diffusive uptake into benthic organisms and exchange with the overlying water column. Consequently, Cfree provides...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management
سال: 2014
ISSN: 1551-3777,1551-3793
DOI: 10.1002/ieam.1502