Pathways Targeting Tumor Lymphangiogenesis: Fig. 1.

Pathways targeting tumor lymphangiogenesis.

Tumor metastasis to sentinel lymph nodes represents the first step of tumor dissemination in most human cancers and serves as a major prognostic indicator for disease progression. Recent studies have revealed that tumors can actively induce the formation of lymphatic vessels, and that tumor lymphangiogenesis is correlated with lymph node metastasis in experimental cancer models and in several t...

Targeting VEGFR-3/-2 signaling pathways with AD0157: a potential strategy against tumor-associated lymphangiogenesis and lymphatic metastases

BACKGROUND Lymphatic metastasis is one of the leading causes of death in patients with different types of cancer and is the main prognostic factor for the disease survival. The formation of new lymphatic vessels (lymphangiogenesis) in primary tumors facilitates tumor cell dissemination to regional lymph nodes and correlates with distant metastases. Lymphangiogenesis has thus emerged as a suitab...

Fig. 1

Targeting tumor-necrosis factor receptor pathways for tumor immunotherapy

With the success of ipilimumab and promise of programmed death-1 pathway-targeted agents, the field of tumor immunotherapy is expanding rapidly. Newer targets for clinical development include select members of the tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNFR) family. Agonist antibodies to these co-stimulatory molecules target both T and B cells, modulating T-cell activation and enhancing immune respons...

miR-486-5p attenuates tumor growth and lymphangiogenesis by targeting neuropilin-2 in colorectal carcinoma

Increasing evidence suggests that microRNAs are associated with many important biologic processes in carcinogenesis. Despite ample research revealing the dysregualtion of miR-486-5p in various cancers, little is known about the roles of miR-486-5p in colorectal carcinoma (CRC). In this study, we investigated the biological functions and molecular mechanisms of miR-486-5p in CRC growth and invas...