Patterns and Trends in Cetacean Occurrence Revealed by Shorewatch, a Land-Based Citizen Science Program in Scotland (United Kingdom)
نویسندگان
چکیده
Shorewatch is a citizen science project, managed by Whale and Dolphin Conservation (WDC), that records the occurrence of cetaceans during regular, standardized watches from series locations along coast Scotland (United Kingdom). Observer training clearly defined protocol help deliver valuable source information about cetacean activity coast. Between 2005–2018, over 52000 generated 11000 sightings at least 18 species. Generalized Additive Models based on for five most commonly sighted species (bottlenose dolphin, harbor porpoise, minke whale, Risso’s common dolphin), those sites with longest time series, demonstrated seasonal, geographical year-to-year differences in their local relative abundance. Bottlenose dolphins are mainly present observation located east Scotland, being uncommon west coast, while porpoise whale principally The seasonality observed consistent peak abundance summer months described previous studies area. Mean depth around static variable apparently has greatest influence presence number sightings, except dolphin. All bottlenose dolphin showed upward trends period 2012–2018. Evidence temporal autocorrelation was found between results consecutive same site day as well days site. power to detect declines 6-year depends underlying sighting rate each species, performed decline. Simulations determine decline suggest current intensity effort some sites, 2500 per year, may offer good prospects detecting 30% frequently (95% time) period, although more even distribution space desirable. data could potentially be used monitoring 6-yearly reporting status populations.
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Frontiers in Marine Science
سال: 2021
ISSN: ['2296-7745']
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2021.642386