Pharmacological Effects of RAAS Blockade in Ischemic Nephropathy

Role of sodium status in the clinical management of diabetic nephropathy: interaction with RAAS-blockade efficacy

*Author for correspondence: Tel.: +31 50 3614441; Fax: +31 50 3614390; [email protected] Summary Diabetic nephropathy is the leading cause of chronic kidney disease worldwide. The expanding endemic of diabetes, the high risk of premature morbidity and mortality and the incapacity of current therapies to halt progression toward renal failure urges additional treatment modalities. We will review ...

Emerging trends for prevention and treatment of diabetic nephropathy: blockade of the RAAS and BP control.

BACKGROUND Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is the leading cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD), and it affects 30% of patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM) and 20% of patients with type 2 DM. Clinical features in both types of DM are similar and are characterized by an underlying abnormality of the microcirculation, manifested by both retinopathy and nephropathy. Clinical hallmarks of DN inc...

Advances in understanding the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in blood pressure control and recent pivotal trials of RAAS blockade in heart failure and diabetic nephropathy

The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) plays a fundamental role in the physiology of blood pressure control and the pathophysiology of hypertension (HTN) with effects on vascular tone, sodium retention, oxidative stress, fibrosis, sympathetic tone, and inflammation. Fortunately, RAAS blocking agents have been available to treat HTN since the 1970s and newer medications are being develo...

Complete RAAS BloCkAde And itS CliniCAl SignifiCAnCe

Pharmacological Antagonisation of Renin- Angiotensin-aldosterone System (raas)